What percentage of patients may experience gingival hyperplasia while using phenytoin?

Gingival hyperplasia is a well-known side effect associated with the use of phenytoin, which is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to manage seizures. The statistics indicate that a significant percentage of patients, approximately 56%, may develop this condition as a result of long-term use of phenytoin.

Phenytoin influences the growth of gingival tissues, leading to an increase in the number of cells, which manifests as hypertrophy of the gingiva. The risk of developing gingival hyperplasia can be attributed to various factors, such as the duration of therapy, the dosage of the medication, and individual patient susceptibility. The range of reported incidences can vary in different studies, but 56% serves as a widely accepted figure based on various clinical observations and research findings.

Understanding this side effect is crucial for dental professionals in order to monitor and manage the oral health of patients who are prescribed phenytoin, as it can significantly impact gingival health and overall patient wellbeing. Regular dental visits for evaluation and possibly preventative measures, such as enhanced oral hygiene, may help mitigate the extent of hyperplasia in these patients.