Which type of laser is effective for removing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from the root surface?

The Er:YAG laser is particularly effective for removing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from the root surface due to its specific interaction with the mineral composition of dental tissues. This laser operates at a wavelength of 2940 nm, which is well absorbed by water and hydroxyapatite, making it suitable for ablating soft and hard tissues in the oral cavity.

When targeting LPS, which are components of the outer membrane of certain bacteria, the Er:YAG laser can efficiently disrupt the biofilm structure due to its precision and effective energy absorption. The removal of these inflammatory mediators is crucial in periodontal therapy, as they play a significant role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.

The ability of the Er:YAG laser to selectively vaporize tissues also means minimal thermal damage to surrounding structures, enhancing healing and reducing postoperative complications. This specific targeting capability, combined with its efficiency in biofilm decontamination, positions the Er:YAG laser as a superior choice for addressing LPS on root surfaces.